An Exercise on Mixed Verbals
I could not find a gerund used as a subject or an infinitive used as an object of a preposition in the text, so sentences two and ten were modified to make these constructions. 1. The rescued party, {from two} {o'clock} {until four}, passed six weeks [#1] {on the island} supported [#2] only {by a piece} {of candle}, ( *by* a box} {of matches}, and
{ *by* two peppermint lozenges}.
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2. Being left [#3] {in the proximity} {of Wan Lee's evil spirit}, {without Wan Lee's exorcising power},
was anything
(PN) {but reassuring
[#4] }.
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3. To creep [#5] {to the edge} {of the cliff}, to sit [#5] {upon the brown branches} {of some fallen pine}, and putting aside the dried tassels [#6] to look [#5] down {upon the backs} {of wheeling hawks} [Adj. to "hawks" that seemed to hang
[#7] {in
mid-air}] was
a never
failing delight
(PN). |
4. They solemnly
began to wade [#8]
{in the pool's viscid paint-like shallows}.
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5. A fearful desire to continue their awful experiments [#9] , {instead of pursuing their piratical avocations [#10] }, was taking possession (DO) {of
them}. |
6. Wan Lee
suddenly began
to blink his eyes [#11]
{with unwonted excitement}. |
7. There were
no frowning rocks
(PN) to depress the children's fancy
[#12]. |
8. Hickory looking [#13] down {at Patsey's bare feet} instantly took off his own shoes
(DO). |
9. She, however, made preparation (DO) {for the proposed flight} { by settling [#14] {in her mind} [DO of "settling" which [#15] {of her two dolls} she would take
] }. |
10. To evade the direct question [#16] she had no choice (DO) {but to abandon her defiant
attitude [#17] }.
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11. Probably the principal object {of this performance} was to produce (PN) a thick coating [#18] {of mud} {on the feet and ankles}. | Notes 2. "Supported" is a gerundive that modifies "party." 3. "Being left" is a gerund phrase that functions as the subject of "was." [To break it down more, "left" can be explained as a gerundive that functions as a predicate adjective to the gerund "Being." 4. "Reassuring" is a gerund that functions as the object of the preposition "but." The "but" phrase modifies (limits) "anything." 5. The infinitives "To creep," "to sit" and "to look" are the subjects of "was." The singular verb suggests that all three are considered necessary to the "delight." 6. "Tassels" is the direct object of the gerund "putting" which functions as a Noun Used as an Adverb. 7. People who do not want to consider "seemed" as a helping verb (and thus "seemed to hang" as the finite verb phrase) can explain "to hang" as an infinitive that functions as a direct object ("seemed what?") or as an adverb ("seemed how?"). 8. The infinitive "to wade" functions as the direct object of "began." 9. "Experiments" is the direct object of the infinitive "to continue." The infinitive phrase functions as an adjective to "desire." 10. "Avocations: is the direct object of the gerund "pursing" which functions as the object of the preposition "instead of." The "instead of" phrase functions as an adverb to "to continue." 11. "Eyes" is the direct object of the infinitive "to blink," which is the direct object of "began." 12. "Fancy" is the direct object of the infinitive "to depress." Some people will see the infinitive phrase as an adjective to "rocks"; others will see it as adverbial to "were" and/or "depressing." For "There," see KISS Level 2.1.3 - Expletives (Optional). 13. "Looking" is a gerundive that modifies "Hickory." Many writers would feel more comfortable with this sentence if the gerundive phrase were set off by commas. 14. The gerund "settling" functions as the object of "by." 15. "Which" functions both as subordinating conjunction and as the direct object of "would take." 16. "Question" is the direct object of the infinitive "To evade." The infinitive phrase functions as an adverb to "no." 17. "Attitude" is the direct object of the infinitive "to abandon" which functions as the object of the preposition "but." The "But" phrase functions as an adverb to "no." 18. "Coating" is the direct object of the infinitive "to produce." |