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More Level 3 Exercises

The Opening Paragraphs of
Leo Tolstoy's Anna Karenina
(Translated by Constance Garnett)
Answer Key for Level 3
     Subordinate clauses are in brackets [ ]. / represents the vertical line at the end of a main clause.  The font size of words aleady analyzed has been decreased. The color codes for adjectives, adverbs, and prepositional phrases have been deleted because too many colors seemed distracting. Words which remain to be analyzed are still in 14-point black

Spaces Missing between Words? (Click here for an explanation.)

 

     Happy families are all alike; / every unhappy family

is unhappy {in its own way}. /

     Everything was {in confusion} {in the Oblonskys' house}. /

The wife had discovered [DO of "discovered" that the husband

was carrying on an intrigue {with a French girl}, [Adjectival to 

"girl" who had been a governess {in their family}]] /, and she

had announced {to her husband} [DO of "announced" that she

could not go on living {in the same house} {with him}.] / This 

position {of affairs} had now lasted three days, / and not 

only the husband and wife themselves, but all the members

{of their family and household}, were painfully conscious {of it}. /

Every person {in the house} felt [DO of "felt" that there was no

sense {in their living together},] and [DO of "felt" that the stray

people brought together {by chance} {in any inn} had more

{in common} {with one another} [Adverbial to "more"Note #1 than

they, the members {of the family and household} {of the 

Oblonskys}.]] / The wife did not leave her own room, /Note #2

the husband had not been {at home} {for three days} / The 

children ran wild all {over the house} / the English governess

quarreled {with the housekeeper}, and wrote {to a friend} asking

her to look out for a new situation {for her} / the man-cook had

walked off the day {before}just {at dinner-time}  the

kitchen-maid, and the coachman had given warning.

      Three days {after the quarrel}, Prince Stepan Arkadyevitch

Oblonsky -- Stiva, [Note #3 as he was called {in the fashionable

world}] -- woke up {at his usual hour}, [Note #4 that is, {at eight 

o'clock} {in the morning},] not {in his wife's bedroom,} but {on the 

leather-covered sofa} {in his study}. / He turned over his stout, 

well-cared-for person {on the springy sofa}, [Adverbial to "turned" 

as though he would sink {into a long sleep} again] / ; he

vigorously embraced the pillow {on the other side} and buried

his face {in it}; / but all {at once} he jumped up, sat up {on

the sofa}, and opened his eyes.
 

Project Gutenberg
nkrnn10.zip

Notes:

1. If you are just beginning your work with clauses, you probably missed this one because the verb is ellipsed -- "more ... than they, the members ... *had in common*." Once the subordinate clause has been recognized, it can be the topic for lots of grammatical discussion. The important thing, about which no grammarian that I know of will disagree, is that the clause chunks to "more." But we have considered "more" as a direct object, so how can the clause be adverbial? If we think about it, "more" does not have any "objective" meaning. (This explains why students often hesitate to consider it as a direct object.) What does "more" mean? It is, in effect, an indicator of a logical relationship and means "Compare, and consider as greater than." Compare what? We get this from the context. In this case, for example, we can probably all agree that it means "had more *things* in common." But in this sense, more is an adjective. The KISS Approach therefore considers anything that chuniks to "more" to be functioning as an adverb.

2. Note that this is a comma-splice. (I do not consider it to be an error.)

3. Ideally you recognized this as a subordinate clause -- then you probably did not know what to do with it. Although I intend to ask my colleagues on the ATEG listserver how they would explain it, and I may add some of their explanations to this note, the KISS approach is to consider it as an interjection -- something which we will cover in Level Five.

4. I would accept at least two different explanations of this clause. If a student wanted to view it as an adjective to "hour," I would not object. Personally, I would feel more comfortable with that explanation if the clause were "which was at eight o'clock...." The use of "that," and the switch to the present tense ("is," instead of "was") gives me the sense of an interjection
 

Progress
Total Words = 308 Words %
L1: In Prep Phrases  127  41
L1: + Adj & Adverbs 62 61
+ L2: S / V / C 94 92
+ L3: Clauses 13 96
Some Basic Statistics on Style
# of Sentences: 8 Words per: 34.2
# of Main Clauses: 17 Words per 18.1
# of Sub Clauses: 9 SC / MC .53

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